# OSI Layers ![OSI Model by Layers](https://728313659-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F1lnNWwxLKiJYALS8pEVG%2Fuploads%2FvCdcSN06eIXdr52kzFXK%2FOSI%20Model.png?alt=media\&token=82435e0a-2cf8-4700-81fe-5254ac49e5ae) {% embed url="" %} ### **Physical Layer (Layer 1)** Deals with the physical connection between devices, including the transmission and reception of raw bit streams over physical media such as cables or wireless. ### **Data Link Layer (Layer 2)** Responsible for creating a reliable link between two directly connected nodes, addressing errors in the physical layer and ensuring a consistent flow of data. ### **Network Layer (Layer 3)** Manages the routing of data packets between devices on different networks. It addresses logical addressing and determines the best path for data to reach its destination. ### **Transport Layer (Layer 4)** Ensures reliable data transfer between devices across a network. It handles end-to-end communication, error recovery, and flow control. ### **Session Layer (Layer 5)** Establishes, maintains, and terminates connections between applications. It manages sessions, allowing for data exchange and synchronization between applications on different devices. ### **Presentation Layer (Layer 6)** Handles data translation, encryption, and compression, ensuring that the data sent from the application layer of one system can be properly read by the application layer of another. ### **Application Layer (Layer 7)** Provides network services directly to end-users or applications. It enables communication between software applications, including functions like file transfers, email, and remote login.